Before I proceed to the intended subject for this number, I have to correct an error in my statement of the Genesee falls. Although this error, when corrected, will be in favour of the proposed canal, yet propriety would impose on me the obligation to rectify any error, even at the expense of the project. The information of both the other and the present statements, are derived from persons residing near the banks of that river; yet the latter comes in the more positive terms, which give it the greater authenticity.

The lower falls are 96, the second 14, the third 80, the fourth (by some called a rapid) 10 feet-making 200 feet height above the level of Ontario, and seven miles distant from it. The first two miles up the stream from the upper falls are rapids, the falls of which are estimated at 100 feet in that distance. The elevation of that river at the ferry or late bridge, on the main road, is estimated to be nearly equal to that of Lake Erie. The ferry is 28 miles distant from Lake Ontario. This statement, indeed, makes the third falls but 20 feet higher than the other; but with other falls above it so circumstanced as that, probably, every advantage can be taken of them, in case it be practicable to cross higher up than the third falls, and the canal probably might be gauged to that accurate decline as to require but one lock from Buffalo to this river; and that to be fixed near to the inlet for the purpose of countervailing, at a future day, the asserted or apprehended sinking of the waters in Lake Erie. If it can command this advantage of the Genesee falls, I think it not improbable that the canal may be thrown as far south as Cayuga Lake, or near its outlet. From this to Utica, it will then have about the same fall which the Seneca River has from this to Three-Rivers-Point.

ITS PROBABLE SIZE.

My hints on this subject will chiefly consist in the mention of the size of others. As I shall have occasion for other references to the quoted canals, I take the liberty of making my extracts in full, at once.

Mr. Pinkerton gives the following account of Languedoc. " This celebrated canal was commenced and completed in the reign of Louis XIV. by Riquet, the engineer, under the auspices of that able minister, Colbert, in fifteen years-from 1666 to 1681. The mechanical ignorance of the period was surprised at a tunnel near Bezeirs of only 720 feet [in length] lined with free-stone.* This noble canal begins in the bay of Languedoc; and at St. Ferrol [which I take to be the highest point of land] is a reservoir of 595 acres of water. It enters the Garonne River one-fourth mile below the city of Toulouse. The breadth, including towing paths, is 144 feet-depth 6 feet-length 64 French leagues, or about 180 English miles. The expense of it was more than half a million sterling-[nearly 2,500,000 dollars.]"

The American Encyclopedia gives the following additional information to his. " It begins with a large reservoir, 4000 paces in circumference and 24 feet deep, which receives many springs from the mountain Noire.

"The canal is supplied by a number of rivulets, and is furnished with 104 locks of about 8 feet rise each. In some places, it passes over [aqueduct] bridges of vast height-and in others, it cuts through solid rock for 1000 paces [nearly 182 rods.]" Phil. ed. vol. 4, p. 79.

On the canal of Clyde, in Scotland, Mr. Pinkerton gives the following information.

"It connects the friths of Forth and Clyde together. Its breadth, at the surface, is 56 feet-its depth 7 feet-the locks 75 feet long, their gates 20 wide. It is raised from the Carron by 20 locks, in a tract of 10 miles, to the amazing height of 155 feet above the medium of full sea mark. At the 20th lock begins the canal of partition on the summit between the east and west seas, which continues 18 miles on a level, near Glasgow. In some places the canal is carried through mossy ground, and in others through solid rock. In the fourth mile of the canal there are ten locks, and a fine aqueduct bridge which crosses the great road leading from Edinburgh to Glasgow. The expenses of this mile amounted to 18,000 pounds sterling, [equal to 80,000 dollars.]

" At Kirkintullock, the canal is carried over the water of Logie, on an aqueduct bridge, the arch of which is 90 feet broad, and was built at three different operations of 30 feet each, having only one centre of 30 feet broad, which was shifted on small rollers from one stretch to another. Although this was a new thing and never attempted before with an arch of this size, yet the joinings are as fairly equal as any other part of the arch. The whole is thought to be a capital piece of masonry. There are, in the whole, 18 drawbridges and 15 aqueduct bridges of considerable size, besides small ones and tunnels.

"The supplying the canal with water was, of itself, a great work. One reservoir is above 24 feet deep, and covers a surface of 50 acres. Another consists of 70 acres, and is banked up by a sluice 22 feet. The length of the canal is precisely 35 miles, and no work of the kind can be more ably finished. It was completed in 1790."

The American Encyclopedia, beside the above, has the following particulars. " It rises and falls 160 feet by means of 39 locks ; 20 on the east and 19 on the west side (as the tide does not ebb so low in the Clyde by 9 feet as it does in the Forth.) Vessels drawing 8 feet of water, and not exceeding 19 feet beam and 73 feet in length, pass with ease. [This is the exterior dimensions of the boat-it is probable her interior measurement would give about 100 tons burthen.] The canal is about 3 feet deep. It passes through moss, quicksand, gravel, and rocks; up precipices and over valleys. It runs 13 miles on a level : in this course, for a considerable way, the ground is banked about 20 feet high, and the water is 16 feet deep, and two miles of it is made through a deep moss. The aqueduct bridge over the Kilven is supposed to be the greatest of the kind in the world; it consists of four arches and is 420 feet in length, exhibiting a very singular effort of human ingenuity and labour. The canal, when finished, will cost 200,000 pounds, [nearly 900,000 dollars.]

" It is the greatest of the kind in Britain, and, without doubt, will be of great national utility ; though it is to be regretted that it had not been executed on a still larger scale, the locks being too short for transporting large masts."

Mr. Pinkerton, in speaking of the canal of Kiel in Denmark, observes, " This canal is intended to unite the Baltic Sea with the river Eydar, which flows into tile German Sea. It is about 20 English miles. The breadth 100 feet at the top and 54 at bottom. Its least depth about 10 feet, so as to admit vessels of about 120 tons burthen. It was begun in 1777 and finished in 1785."

It is to be regretted, that Mr. Pinkerton did not inform us of the number of locks, &c. and the cost of them.

HERCULES.