This edition of Billy Budd is based on the 1924 Raymond Weaver edition of the novel . . . sort of. As even the most cursory glance at the convoluted textual history of this novel shows, there has traditionally been agreement about this novel only in the broadest terms. Different editors have adjusted the text in various ways arranging and rearranging certain sections, inserting and excluding other sections. For a more full discussion of the complex manuscript issues of Billy Budd, click here. That said, without trying to ignore the significant textual issues while also trying to make the novel as accessible as possible for today's reader, the following table of contents matches that which is found in many contemporary editions of the novel. It is based on F. Barron Freeman's 1948 edition and Elizabeth Treeman's later modifications to the text and includes certain chapters which Weaver either excluded or incorporated with the surrounding chapters. Further, as the Weaver and the Freeman/Treeman text hold, the ship upon which most of the action takes place is referred to as the Indomitable (not the Bellipotent as Harrison Hayford and Merton Sealts maintain that Melville intended it to be). In an effort to point out these variations, notes throughout the text mark points of departure between the various editions.
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Color Reference | Icons | ||
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Blue = | Glossary | ![]() |
Illustrations |
Red = | Allusions | ![]() |
Manuscript Note |
Green = | Nautical References | ![]() |
Commentary |
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