PAPER 2 TOPICS--Mar. 31, 2005; Due April 14, 2005
INSTRUCTIONS – READ CAREFULLY. Choose topic # 1, 2, or 3. On page one of your paper, write the number of the topic you have chosen. Write the Honor Pledge and your name on the last page. Your paper must be from 5 to 7 pages in length. Hand in your paper to your TA by 5:00PM on April 14, 2005. Extensions will be granted only in case of documented illness or family emergency. Late papers will be docked one full grade for each late day. Read the topics carefully. Be sure your essay and topic fit!

1. The tactics employed by civil rights activists changed significantly from 1954 to 1961. Develop an argument that explains why. In your answer, you should consider the successes and failures of national civil rights organizations, local-level activists, the involvement of national political parties, as well as generational, regional, and organizational conflicts. Cite illustrations from readings, lectures and videos.

2. Defend or attack the following statement: Women’s activity in the civil rights movement was secondary. Men provided the leadership and their roles were paramount. Your answer should cover the period between 1945 and 1961. Cite illustrations from readings, lectures and videos.

3. Describe the range of white southern reactions to the civil rights movement. Within that range, how did the most adamant segregationists argue their case? How did they reconcile claims of democracy with beliefs in segregation and racial hierarchy? How did civil rights activists use the reactions of the most extreme segregationists to their advantage? Cite illustrations from readings, lectures and videos.